What is the cable AC Resistance, Skin & Proximity Effect ?

AC RESISTANCE:

If a conductor is carrying high alternating currents, the distribution of current is not evenly dispersed throughout the cross section of the conductor. This is due to two independent effects known as skin effect and proximity effect.

SKIN EFFECT FACTOR(ys):

If the conductor is composed of one or more concentric circular elements, then the centre portion of the conductor will be enveloped by a greater magnetic flux than those on the outside. Consequently the self induced back-emf will be greater towards the centre of the conductor, thus causing the current density to be less at the centre than the conductor surface. This extra concentration at the surface is known as skin effect, and results in an increase in the effective resistance of the conductor.

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