What is a pantograph in railways and how are pantograph cables used?

A pantograph is a device mounted on the roof of electric trains, trams, or buses, designed to collect power from overhead catenary wires. It maintains constant electrical contact with the overhead wire, ensuring a steady supply of electricity to the vehicle's traction motors.

The general structure of the pantograph is as follows.








The cables that carry the electric current between the pantograph and the locomotive are called pantograph cables. These cables are designed to withstand the harsh conditions of the railway environment.






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