Manual Cable Laying 

When manually pulling cables, one critical point is ensuring that the cable is never pulled over the flange of the drum. Improper handling can cause twisting, loops, or severe damage to the cable's protective coating.

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Best Practices for Manual Cable Laying: 
1. Avoid Twisting the Cable: 
   - Do not form loops or rings while pulling the cable. Loops indicate that the cable has been twisted by 90° or more, which leads to significant stress and potential damage.

2. Lay the Cable in a \"Figure of Eight\" Pattern: 
   - If sections of the cable need to be laid out, use the \"figure of eight\" method. 
   - This prevents torsion by keeping the bending radius consistent with the cable diameter.

3. Inspect Cable Damage Early: 
   - High tension and improper deflection during laying can destroy the protective coating, as shown in the images. 
   - Check for damage like tears or compression marks before continuing.

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Examples and Visual Guidance: 

- Incorrect Handling (STOP symbol): 
   

• Loops and rings form in the cable, causing excessive torsion and potential damage.
• Damage to the protective coating, such as tearing or deformation, is shown in the left images.

- Correct Handling (CHECK symbol): 
   

• The cable is laid out in a straight and tension-free manner.
• The \"figure of eight\" laying technique ensures no torsion is applied.

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Common Problems and Solutions: 

1. Problem: Formation of loops when pulling cables in narrow shafts. 
   Solution: Use controlled pulling techniques and avoid sharp bends.

2. Problem: Excessive torsion damaging the protective sheath. 
   Solution: Monitor bending radius and ensure uniform tension while pulling.

3. Problem: Bending radius not consistent with the cable diameter. 
   Solution: Always lay cables according to their recommended bending radius specifications.

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Conclusion: 

Proper manual cable laying is crucial to prevent damage and maintain cable integrity. Following best practices such as avoiding loops, using the \"figure of eight\" method, and inspecting cables for damage ensures safe and efficient installation. Improper handling, as highlighted in the examples, can lead to costly repairs and operational failures.