Materials and Compounds

Materials and Compounds

Gary R. Hamed

Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909, USA


Contents
2.1   Introduction    13
2.2   Elastomer Types    13
2.2.1   General-Purpose Elastomers    13
2.2.1.1   Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR)13
2.2.1.2   Polyisoprene (NR, IR)14
2.2.1.3   Polybutadiene (BR)15
2.2.2   Specialty Elastomers   15
2.2.2.1   Polychloroprene (CR)15
2.2.2.2   Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber (NBR)16
2.2.2.3   Hydrogenated Nitrile Rubber (HNBR)16
2.2.2.4   Butyl Rubber (IIR)16
2.2.2.5   Ethylene-Propylene Rubber (EPR, EPDM)16
2.2.2.6   Silicone Rubber (MQ)17
2.2.2.7   Polysulfide Rubber (T)17
2.2.2.8   Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene (CSM)17
2.2.2.9   Chlorinated Polyethylene (CM)17
2.2.2.10   Ethylene-Methyl Acrylate Rubber (AEM)18
2.2.2.11   Acrylic Rubber (ACM)18
2.2.2.12   Fluorocarbon Rubbers (FKM)18
2.2.2.13   Epichlorohydrin Rubber (ECO)18
2.2.2.14   Urethane Rubber   18
2.3   Compounding   19
2.3.1   Vulcanization and Curing   19
2.3.1.1   Sulfur Curing   19
2.3.1.2   Determination of Crosslink Density   21
2.3.1.3   Influence of Crosslink Density   22
2.3.1.4   Other Cure Systems   23
2.3.2   Reinforcement   23
2.3.3   Anti-Degradants   25
2.3.3.1   Ozone Attack   25
2.3.3.2   Oxidation   26
2.3.4   Process Aids   28
2.3.5   Extenders   28
2.3.6   Tackifiers   29
2.4   Typical Rubber Compounds    29
Bibliography    33
Problems    34
Answers    34

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